Authentication can be applied in many different kinds of field. For antiques, anthropology, and art, the most common problem is the verification of an artifact, if it is being produced by a particular person or by a particular place or period in the history. Authentication has three types which include acceptance of proof of an identity, comparison of attributes, and relying on the documentation and external affirmations.
So the main purpose of writing this article is presenting an overview about some scientific techniques for the evaluation. There are also some traditional techniques that are applied in Indian artifact authentication service. The communities for artifact collection have been using the common techniques such as ultra violet inspection and microscopic analysis.
Nowadays, advanced dating scientific methods, advanced technologies, and advanced material characterizations have been used rarely. One of the reasons of this is a lot of people choose on relying only to most personal experiences and by making use of very basic techniques for evaluation. A collaboration between the two parties, artifact collectors and archeologists, eventually matures if ever they share their certain methods and disciplines with each other.
First step to be done in a process is doing a provenance research. This can be considered as a very difficult step, but it is very essential when establishing the complete history of a certain object. This object will become a support during authentication and dating processes. The information should include the circumstances and locations, identities, and exact dates.
In some instances where in the provenance has not been verified in a reasonable manner or is completely absent, it will possibly result on having a serious doubt about the objects authenticity. It may also push onus verification into another aspect of a process, and as a result, determining the authenticity can be undone. So instances of a certain object must considered importantly noted where in both are stylistically correct and are scientifically consistent.
When an object is already been conserved, restored, and if it is the subject of an analysis previously, it probably is documented thoroughly and the documentation can be accompanied by the object through ownership. Some materials used in conservation or in cleaning can be interpreted falsely because of alteration or fakery.
Identifying the authoritative sources is one of the critical steps in the process and these are presented in 3 categories. First, the recognized experts. The experts on analyzing an object should be identified and be consulted. Their qualifications should be reviewed carefully and examine if whether they can withstand any reasonable scrutiny.
Second, the reference materials. These are the support for analysis process and need to be identified and be reviewed. Most common useful resources are scientific journals and scholarly textbooks. Those publications that are having illustrations on unprovenanced objects or those objects that are not studied appropriately should be avoided and as well the web references which are not tied back into authoritative sources. Typically, a review on literature and being accompanied by bibliographies and references can help in the identification of appropriate resources.
Third, reference collections. Collections are the basis for compared studies and collections are also identified. Objects in a collection have to be inauthentic or authentic and well documented. A preliminary research step looks for an expert about the field and utilizes a full complement of an authoritative source. The knowledge on this will help in the definition of employed techniques and become the basis for the interpretation and for evaluation of the results.
So the main purpose of writing this article is presenting an overview about some scientific techniques for the evaluation. There are also some traditional techniques that are applied in Indian artifact authentication service. The communities for artifact collection have been using the common techniques such as ultra violet inspection and microscopic analysis.
Nowadays, advanced dating scientific methods, advanced technologies, and advanced material characterizations have been used rarely. One of the reasons of this is a lot of people choose on relying only to most personal experiences and by making use of very basic techniques for evaluation. A collaboration between the two parties, artifact collectors and archeologists, eventually matures if ever they share their certain methods and disciplines with each other.
First step to be done in a process is doing a provenance research. This can be considered as a very difficult step, but it is very essential when establishing the complete history of a certain object. This object will become a support during authentication and dating processes. The information should include the circumstances and locations, identities, and exact dates.
In some instances where in the provenance has not been verified in a reasonable manner or is completely absent, it will possibly result on having a serious doubt about the objects authenticity. It may also push onus verification into another aspect of a process, and as a result, determining the authenticity can be undone. So instances of a certain object must considered importantly noted where in both are stylistically correct and are scientifically consistent.
When an object is already been conserved, restored, and if it is the subject of an analysis previously, it probably is documented thoroughly and the documentation can be accompanied by the object through ownership. Some materials used in conservation or in cleaning can be interpreted falsely because of alteration or fakery.
Identifying the authoritative sources is one of the critical steps in the process and these are presented in 3 categories. First, the recognized experts. The experts on analyzing an object should be identified and be consulted. Their qualifications should be reviewed carefully and examine if whether they can withstand any reasonable scrutiny.
Second, the reference materials. These are the support for analysis process and need to be identified and be reviewed. Most common useful resources are scientific journals and scholarly textbooks. Those publications that are having illustrations on unprovenanced objects or those objects that are not studied appropriately should be avoided and as well the web references which are not tied back into authoritative sources. Typically, a review on literature and being accompanied by bibliographies and references can help in the identification of appropriate resources.
Third, reference collections. Collections are the basis for compared studies and collections are also identified. Objects in a collection have to be inauthentic or authentic and well documented. A preliminary research step looks for an expert about the field and utilizes a full complement of an authoritative source. The knowledge on this will help in the definition of employed techniques and become the basis for the interpretation and for evaluation of the results.
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